Mat Foundation Detail's

Mat Foundation Detail's:

Mat foundation is otherwise called as Raft foundation and its working principle is similar to a shallow foundation. Mat foundation is preferred for large space where separate footing are not possible to construct due to overlapping condition. Generally, Mat foundation's footing will extend over a large area. The main reason why the mat adopted by most engineer is mat will distribute loads equally to prohibit differential settlement. Mat is considered when the soil condition is so poor and weak.

There is no major difference between the mat and raft foundations, both are the same. It is a basic concept of stress in civil engineering. Weight divided by per unit area is called stress. E.g. if a building measuring 10 m x 7 m  and weight on it is 130 Tons so the result

Stress = Weight / Area = 130 / 70 = 1.85 tons weight per m2.

This foundation is very useful for basement structure. A waterproof membrane sheet is placed over the ground surface and then 4" PCC is poured to crate a level base are tied in place and then the desired thickness of the concrete is poured.

The mat is use :

There is a lot the important reason for the use of mat foundation. We use this foundation if the 

1. Bearing capacity of the soil is weak and not capable to transfer the load of building to the ground.
2. A column is placed near to the property line and wall are so close that individual footing  would overlap.
3. If the cost of a deep foundation is higher than the raft foundation we use to make the structure economical.
4. When a spread footing columns can cover up to 50% of the foundation area.

Types of mat foundation:

1. Flat plate mat
2. Plate thickened under columns
3. Two-way beam and slab
4. Plate with pedestal
5. Rigid frame mat
6. Piled raft